பிஎன்டபில்யூ எம்4 cs vs நிசான் பாட்ரோல்

The number of intake and exhaust valves in each engine cylinder. More valves per cylinder means better engine breathing and better performance but it also adds to cost.

A device that forces more air into an internal combustion engine. More air can burn more fuel and make more power. Turbochargers utilise exhaust gas energy to make more power.

The component containing a set of gears that supply power from the engine to the wheels. It affects speed and fuel efficiency.

Specifies which wheels are driven by the engine's power, such as front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, or all-wheel drive. It affects how the car handles and also its capabilities.

Tells you the kind of tyres fitted to the car, such as all-season, summer, or winter. It affects grip and performance in different conditions.

The diameter of the car's alloy wheels. Alloy wheels are lighter and better looking than standard wheels, not including tyres.

Weight of the car without passengers or cargo. Affects performance, fuel efficiency, and suspension behaviour.

The gross weight of a car is the maximum weight that a car can carry which includes the weight of the car itself, the weight of the passengers, and the weight of any cargo that is being carried. Overloading a car is unsafe as it effects handling and could also damage components like the suspension.

The maximum number of people that can legally and comfortably sit in a car.

The total number of doors in the car, including the boot if it's considered a door. It affects access and convenience.

Lighting for the boot area. It usually turns on automatically when the boot is opened.

A mirror, usually located behind the passenger sun shade, used to check one's appearance. More expensive cars will have these on the driver's side and some cars even have this feature for rear seat passengers too.

A light provided in the rear seating area of the car. It allows passengers to read or see in the dark without disturbing the driver.

Adjustable cushions on the top of the rear seats that provide head support for passengers. They increase the comfort and safety of passengers.

Unlike fixed headrests, these can be moved up or down to offer the ideal resting position for the occupant's head.

A type of seat belt on which the height can be adjusted, to help improve comfort.

A steering wheel that has many buttons to control various functions of the infotainment system and key car functions like cruise control. This allows the driver to manage these functions without taking their hands off the steering wheel.

An electronic system that automatically maintains the car's speed set by the driver, reducing the need for constant pedal use. Useful feature for long highway drives.

Sensors on the vehicle's exterior that use either ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves bouncing off objects to alert the driver of obstacles while parking.

A button that allows starting or stopping the engine without using a traditional key. It enhances convenience.

A function in the glove box that allows you to keep food items and beverages cool for long durations.

A compartment in the car for holding bottles. Usually located in car door pockets. More bottle holders means more bottles can be stored at once.

A feature that allows the driver to operate some car functions using voice commands. Make using features easy without distractions.

Buttons behind the steering wheel for manual gear changes. Found in automatic cars and placed ergonomically, making gear changes easier.

A port in the car that allows passengers to charge electronic devices like smartphones and tablets via USB cables.

An added convenince feature to rest one's hand on, while also offering features like cupholders or a small storage space.

A warning to indicate that the vehicle's boot or tailgate isnt properly closed.

A tailgate that, in most cases, can be opened automatically by swiping your foot under the rear bumper.

Unlike standard power windows, this one allows you to roll up/down the window fully with a single press of the button.

A car AC is a system that cools down the cabin of a vehicle by circulating cool air. You can select temperature, fan speed and direction of air flow.

A heating function for the cabin. A handy feature in cold climates.

Allows the driver to adjust the position of the steering wheel to their liking. This can be done in two ways: Tilt and/or Reach

In-built fans in the seat back and base that circulate air on the back/leg of the occupant.

Refers to a driver's seat that can be raised vertically. This is helpful for shorter drivers to find a better driving position.

Seats that can be adjusted electronically. Usually seen in higher end cars.

Headlights that turn on and off automatically based on the time of day or environmental lighting conditions.

Headlights that stay on for a short period after turning off the car, illuminating the path to the driver's home or door.

A meter that keeps track of the total kilometres a vehicle has travelled. This cannot be reset by an owner and serves as a record for tracking service intervals and waranty validity, and also is important when selling the vehicle.

Windshield wipers that activate on their own when they detect rain. Removes the need to turn the wipers ON/OFF when the rain starts/stops.

A heating element in the rear window to remove fog and melt frost from the rear window.

Lightweight wheels made of metals such as aluminium. Available in multiple designs, they enhance the look of a vehicle.

An additional turn indicator located on the outside mirror of a vehicle that warns both oncoming and following traffic.

Headlights with extra bulbs that turn on when the steering wheel rotates left or right. Improves visibility at night while taking turns.

LED daytime running lights (DRL) are not to be confused with headlights. The intended purpose is to help other road users see your vehicle better while adding to the car's style.

Refers to the use of LED lighting in the main headlamp. LEDs provide a bright white beam, making night driving safer.

Refers to the use of LED lighting in the taillamps.

Car headlamps that automatically turn on in low light conditions and switch off in bright conditions.

The dimensions of the car's tyres indicating their width, height, and diameter. Important for grip and performance.

Tells you the kind of tyres fitted to the car, such as all-season, summer, or winter. It affects grip and performance in different conditions.

The diameter of the car's alloy wheels. Alloy wheels are lighter and better looking than standard wheels, not including tyres.

An alarm system that sounds when anyone tries to access the car forcibly or break into it.

An inflatable air bag located within the steering wheel that automatically deploys during a collision, to protect the driver from physical injury

An inflatable safety device designed to protect the front passenger in case of a collision. These are located in the dashboard.

A rearview mirror that can be adjusted to reduce glare from headlights behind the vehicle at night.

A warning buzzer that reminds passengers to buckle their seat belts.

A function that alerts the driver when any of the doors are open or not properly closed.

This feature monitors the pressure inside each tyre, alerting the driver when one or more tyre loses pressure.

A security feature that prevents unauthorized access to the car's engine.

Improves the car's stability by detecting and reducing loss of grip.

A camera at the rear of the car to help with parking safely.

Windows that stop closing if they sense an obstruction (usually the hands of occupants), preventing injuries.

A system that warns the driver when the car exceeds a certain speed limit. Promotes safety by giving alerts.

A safety feature that automatically locks the car's doors once it reaches a certain speed. Useful feature for all passengers.

A secure attachment system to fix child seats directly on the chassis of the car.

These mechanisms tighten up the seatbelts, or reduces their force till a certain threshold, so as to hold the occupants in place during sudden acceleration or braking.

A feature that enables the car to call for emergency services or send an SOS message in case of an accident or crisis.

A feature that notifies the owner if the car moves beyond a predefined geographical area. Useful for security and monitoring of the car.

A system that controls the car's speed when going downhill by applying brakes to prevent overspeeding and improve control.

A feature that helps prevent a car from rolling backward on a hill.

Cameras around the car that give a complete view of the surroundings. Helps in parking and avoiding obstacles while driving.